‘Passing” by Nella Larsen Essay Sample free essay sample

Nella Larsen’s bookPassingexamines the function of African American females and their individualities in society. The manner in which these individualities mutate. displacement. go a disguise in society is something that is fascinating on both a sociological every bit good as psychological degree. In Brody’s scrutiny of these elements of Larsen’s narrative in her articleClare Kendry’s â€Å"True† Colorss: Race and Class Conflict in Nella Larsen’s Passingis a disclosure into non merely Larsen’s narrative technique but besides her word picture. The psychological science of a character can take to state of affairs grace or calamity: in Larsen’s history of Clare Kendry. she is the prototype of the thought of Africa. This thought is farther extolled by Brody as she writes. â€Å"†¦I argue that readings of race or more accurately. definitions of Blackness are so cardinal toPassing.( Brody 1054 ) . therefore it is this ‘definition of Blackness’ that non merely allows the characters to hold individualities but besides allows the secret plan to come on toward how these individualities are plumbable inside the buildings of a racialist society. We will write a custom essay sample on ‘Passing† by Nella Larsen Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the character of Clare. Larsen is seeking to convey Forth this apposition of race with society. yet in so puting the two following to one another what Larsen truly creates is a type of parasitic relationship that race and society have with one another. Inside these two elements of the narrative the reader finds Clare’s individuality. her battles with these two individualities of her race and her race inside of society as expressed by Brody. â€Å"Clare is non a member of the lifting Black middle class nor was she of all time a member of the draw a bead oning middle-classes. She rose quickly. readily â€Å"passed† and in so making surpassed Irene in footings of category and material wealth. Yet in switching her category position. Clare maintains a clear sense of her anterior individuality. Her Gatsbyesque dominance to the upper-echelons of white society is undercut by her loyal ( non sponsoring ) racial understandings. She occupies an highly unstable position† ( Brody 1056 ) . Due to Clare’s ambiguity at times in the novel. the reader is neer truly positive of her place in either category ( society ) or her civilization ( race ) . It is this ambiguity that allows the calamity of Clare’s narrative to read about self-righteously. Although Brody presents the reader with the thoughts of individuality as a base on balls through which either colour can ‘walk in the shoes’ of another race. she besides gives the reader a point of view of Larsen’s work that harkens back to other plants covering with similar state of affairs such asThe Blacker the Berryby Wallace Thurman orNative Sonby Richard Wright. In the narrative of African Americans. there is biass involved with how dark or how light an African American’s tegument is ; therefore. there is racism that exists even within the kineticss of that civilization. a point which Larsen makes but briefly in Clare’s brushs with other inkinesss who are seeking to ‘pass’ for white in order to travel up in society or to derive entree to certain nines or diners. In decision. it is strictly a cardinal pick of two wrongs that the bookPassingis based ; the wrong of biass in race and society. While one black individual may go through as white. they may be criticized for making so. but they may besides be criticized for being excessively dark. In a society who footing credence on an unmanageable cistron factor. there is bound to be dogmatic concluding that finally leads to tragedy. In Clare’s instance. or in Larsen’s instance. this calamity is the deficiency of growing in the supporter alongside this evidently transmogrifying clip in society. Plants Cited Brody. Jennifer.Clare Kendry’s â€Å"True† Colorss: Race and Class Conflict in Nella Larsen’sPassing.Callaloo. Vol. 15. No. 4. ( Autumn. 1992 ) . pp. 1053-1065. Larsen. Nella.Passing. Penguin. New York. 1989.

Marketing Plan for Chain of Pro Shops Located Within Ice Arenas

Marketing Plan for Chain of Pro Shops Located Within Ice Arenas Executive Summary Pro shops are businesses involved with selling sporting equipments that are required in the sporting facility. The chain of pro shops is situated in an Ice Arena and offers a wide range of hockey equipments as well as bags, apparels and coaching products among others. The chain has a single supplier and for this reason, the products are similar and range within the same price.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marketing Plan for Chain of Pro Shops Located Within Ice Arenas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These shops are dedicated to ensure that the players, coaches, fans and other interested shoppers get the greatest services and high quality goods. One of the main aims of the company is to increase the awareness among the customers of the available services and products as well as develop trust and loyalty for the growth of the shops. Increase in promotional tools will be used as a marketin g strategy, as well applying proper inventory management techniques. Market Overview The current market status of the pro shops is determined by the players and the individuals who visit the arenas. While the customers have been mainly the fans and the teams using the arenas, there is a need to increase the scope to reach even those who watch the game at home. The new strategy is meant to include online customers, who would access the shops’ products and purchase online. While there is a problem with congestion of shops in one arena, the strategy is to start specializing in certain products in order to avoid competition. Teams’ Model The arenas are used by both schools and professional teams. The amount of customers is therefore at a constant flow as a result of large number of tournaments. While the neighborhood has some other arenas, the specific arena within which these pro shops are located is one of the biggest. There is therefore a better chance of increased cust omers’ inflow as compared to the other ice arenas. With these considerations, the target customers are those attending the matches as well as those from the neighboring arenas, who should be encouraged by the new marketing strategy.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Target Market Growth The popularity of ice hockey has been increasing significantly. According to the TalkOn (2008) guide, Ice hockey is increasingly gaining popularity and for this reason, there is potential for increased customers in not only the United States, but also the rest of the world. With effective online marketing strategies, the shops will have the potential to increase their products awareness to potential customers and hence increase the sales of the sporting equipments and associated products. Marketing Objectives One of the major objectives of the pro shops is increasing the awareness of their products to not only the local customers but also international fans. Increase the seasonal revenues to over $ 1 million collectively. SWOT Analysis Strengths One of the strengths of the pro shops is that the arena is state-of-art and hence encourages more fans than most other arenas. There is therefore a chance of increased demand of the products in the pro shops. The pro shops retail in many products and they combine a variety of products from different teams. This allows the fans an opportunity to get the specific products that they require. Weaknesses One of the major weaknesses with the company is the concentration of many pro shops within one arena. This creates unnecessary competition and affects the returns generated. Opportunities The increasing use of online marketing and financial transactions will allow for increased and expanded sales to not only the local-based customers but also the international ones. Threats The increasing popularity in other games like basketball and soccer may lead to reduced interest in Ice hockey and hence lead to reduced demand for ice hockey products. Pricing Strategy Some of the products in the pro shops are considered to be overpriced. The shops will try to adjust the prices by considering various cheaper sources and this will require the diversification of supply chains.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marketing Plan for Chain of Pro Shops Located Within Ice Arenas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, to avoid price competition, the pro shops will develop a strategy that will have the different shops engage in different products to avoid unnecessary competition. This will allow for the comparison with other competitor prices in different arenas in the region (Mondschein, 2009). Through appropriate and timely promotions, the pro shops will ensure that the customers are given a chance to purchase at reduced pric es (Smith, Smith, 2011). Some services will be introduced that will be meant to save the customers’ spending, while still contributing to the shops’ returns. One of such will be skates’ repair and sharpening in order to tap those individuals who would not afford new pairs of skates. Through this strategy, the shops will create another way of increasing the customers without compromising on the shops’ returns. Marketing Communications Plan To increase the customers’ awareness of the available products in the pro shops, it will be essential that proper communication strategies be implemented (Masterman, Wood, 2006). One of the strategies that the shops will adopt is the use of brochures and leaflets during tournaments. This will ensure that the customers will spread the information about the shops’ products as they leave the arena after matches. In addition, the shops will develop personal links that will help the interested customers to gai n access to their sites for information about the available products and the prices (Meyerson, 2005). The creation of online databases will also occur in line with the development of online payment options that will save the customers the hustles of making physical contacts with the company. Advertisement will also be made through print and electronic media in order to ensure that the public knows about the products. The internet for example will be great since it is expected to reach a large number of potential customers (Masterman, Wood, 2006). Sales and Marketing Channel Plan The products would need to be introduced to the potential customers through effective sales and marketing channels. This would ensure that rather than knowing of the existence of the products, the customers will be persuaded through appropriate means to purchase the products. One of the important aspects within this strategy is the workforce (Mathur, 2006).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While the chain has three sales persons in each shop, it will be important to increase the number of sales persons to five, especially during tournaments. This will ensure that there will be broader coverage and hence increased sales. The sales teams will also be positioned in the online channels in order to communicate directly with the customers and offer help and ideas about the available products (Meyerson, Scarborough, 2007). The shops will set sales goals in terms of distributed brochures and leaflets per individual match. This will proceed to be cumulatively reflected at the end of fiscal period, which should also coincide with playing season. In each match, the sales persons will strive to distribute around 5, 000 brochures in each game. This will make it easier for the awareness campaign to speedily get integrated into the interests of potential customers. In addition to the brochures’ distribution, the sales team will strive to increase the number of promotions to one per week throughout the ice hockey season. Product demonstration will also be started. The management will start demonstration initiatives by looking out for pro skaters to demonstrate the use and application of some of the products like skates and goalie sticks. In addition, the management will find opportunities to demonstrate the effectiveness of some coaching equipments in order to encourage not only the players and fans, but also the coaches. While the communications plan is effective enough to increase the number of customers, it will be important to maintain proper records for the sake of customers’ trust. In addition, the inventory will ensure that the management knows of the available products and those that need to be added. This will prevent customers from making orders that are out of stock. One of the most effective ways of managing the inventory is by use of bar codes and radio frequency Identification (McCraven, 2011). These types of technologies count the products as they are purchased and sold to customers. It therefore makes it easier for the marketers to know the products that are on the shelf, how many they are, and the ones already sold. The radio frequency identifiers may be incorporated into the database of available products to evaluate the rate of purchases and hence estimate the demand and supply. These tools will help in reducing chances of mismanagement and missing records since they can affect a lot the credibility of the shops. Since the shops will contemplate on diversifying the supplier chain in order to avoid monopolistic dependence that would affect the pricing strategy, keeping record of the purchases would be a must. The inventories will thus help in restructuring the marketing strategies hitherto applied by the pro shops. References Masterman, G., Wood, E. H. (2006). Innovative marketing communications: strategies for the events industry. Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. Mathur, P. (2006). Sales And Market ing Management. New Delhi: Ishar Books. McCraven, S. (2011). Inventory Control Comes of Age. Retrieved from https://precast.org/2011/04/inventory-control-comes-of-age/ Meyerson, M. (2005). Success secrets of the online marketing superstars. Chicago, IL: Kaplan Publishing. Meyerson, M. E., Scarborough, E. (2007). Mastering Online Marketing. Upper Saddle, NJ: Entrepreneur Press. Mondschein, K. (2009). Advertising, Sales, and Marketing. New York: Infobase Publishing. Smith, T. J., Smith, T. (2011). Pricing Strategy: Setting Price Levels, Managing Price Discounts, Establishing Price Structures. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. TalkOn. (2008). An Introduction to Ice Hockey. Web.

Discuss the role of perceptions of 'otherness' in 'ethnic cleansing' Essay

Discuss the role of perceptions of 'otherness' in 'ethnic cleansing' - Essay Example In most cases, this includes dehumanizing that culture as well. The concept of the ‘other’ is central to the development of enough hatred to believe that ethnic cleansing is not only necessary, but feasible for one set of humans to commit against another. In order to create a belief system that can include ethnic cleansing as a solution for conflicts between cultures, a sense of the ‘other’ must be developed so that a belief in the dehumanization of the opposing culture diminishes any sense of committing murder against a fellow human being. According to Dirven, ethnic cleansing comes as a result of â€Å"abuses of cognitive processes (that) lead to atrocities against humanity beyond the imagination of most of us† (115). Cognitive semantics and the use of external symbols to create unity are also used in order to create a sense of the ‘other’. Those who are unified under a focused set of beliefs use the concept of those who are outside of those beliefs to create the sense of the ‘other’, the group that does not identify with the same belief systems. Dirven goes on to say that â€Å"Features or attributes of the so-called ‘outsiders’ may then be made cognitively significant through exaggerated contrast to the valued manners or behaviours of the newly identified ‘inside’ group† (114). ... They have an overpowering emotional and non-rational quality†. The nature of the need to belong is balanced by the need to identify those who do not belong. It is the nature of the individual to bond and create mutual ‘others’ that provide contrast to the superiority of their own cultural group. In doing this, the defined characteristics of the ‘other’ provide support for why a group will find reasons to isolate away from other groups and create conflict to assert their continued superiority. These methods can be varied, but one of the worst is through the policies that involve ethnic cleansing. Ethnic cleansing involves two different concepts. Ethnicity traits that identify a group are combined with cultural traits. Groups are identified by both their physical manifestations of difference and their cultural manifestations through systems of belief. The difference between ethnicity and culture can be defined by the idea that one is involuntary and the other is voluntary. One is through physical attributes that are not a matter of control or choice. The other is through choosing to bond with others in a formed group (Cohen and Stone 67). The differences between the two are cause for different types of conflict and the line is not always considered clearly drawn. Therefore, if a person of certain ethnic attributes joins a culture that no longer associates them with the belief systems of their ethnic cultural group, this may not prevent them from being included. Joining a cultural group without ethnic markers that identify an individual with that group will also not create a safe place for an individual. The example

Evatuation argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evatuation argument - Essay Example Contrary to the expectations, Minh Dang’s parents started molesting her at the tender age of three and she was later on traded in brothels to sustain her parents’ incomes against her will. On the other hand, Maria Suarez’s parents tricked her in sexual slavery by sending her to attend a job interview for the position of a house help where she was in turn held hostage (Sher 89). The argumentantive approach indicates that Abby Sher’s short stories succeed in evaluating the mayhem that faces people subjected to sexual trafficking, but it is evident that she fails to include the actions undertaken by other members in the society to halt the anti-social behavior. The author’s study presents Minh Dang’s bibliography in the form of a story, which acquaints knowledge to readers from different demographic groups about the types of experiences condoned by the society as things of the past, but yet in prevalence and harmful to the young women and men. For instance, the fact that Minh Dang faced sexual harassment from her father from the age of 3 years is an indication that ignorance in the society has provoked the prevalence of the inhuman practices (p. 15). Therefore, the author’s approach in the subject of sex trafficking to the different recipients of the messages deciphers the intended understanding to intelligently identify the unethical relationships whenever they exist (Hanes 1). According to McSwane David, child trafficking remains a prevalent in the American society with the administration acting slowly to halt the continuity of the menace. Abby Sher succeeds in informing the society that the Maria Suarez and Minh Dan g’s family members with whom the children trusted exposed them to the harmful trade against their consent. When reading the stories about the two victims, it is evident that they were incapacitated to act in accordance to their constitutional rights because of the physical and mental torture they would face

The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction And Employee Turnover Management Essay

The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction And Employee Turnover Management Essay Judge, Timothy A. and Bono, Joyce E. (2001). Relationship of Core Self-Evaluations Traits-Self-Esteem, Generalized, Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control, and Emotional StabilityWith Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis. This article presents results of the relationship of 4 traits: self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability (low neuroticism): with job satisfaction and job performance. Hence, it hypothesizes that: H-la: Self-esteem is positively related to job satisfaction, H-lb: Generalized self-efficacy is positively related to job satisfaction, H-lc: Internal locus of control is positively related to job satisfaction, H-ld: Emotional stability is positively related to job satisfaction. This is also an in depth study of factors affecting job satisfaction which in turn effect employee behavior and turnover. The analysis of these variables showed that each trait had a positive relationship with job satisfaction. The authors have ident ified each of these traits as the independent variable and job satisfaction as the dependent variable. Research was based on reviewing literature that defined and linked each of these traits with job satisfaction. Studies of the past 40 years wer included and data was only included from those that had a sample population of employed adults. Students, athletes and the unemployed people were left out as were special data samples like doctors, physicians etc. One point to notice in this study is their implication that satisfaction of employees is not just based on monetary terms and conditions, but stems from psychological well being and treatment of employees as well. This increases the scope of the term job satisfaction and includes variables like self-esteem and emotional stability too. Khalid , Salman and Zohaib I., Muhammad. (2010). Job Satisfaction among Bank Employees in Punjab, Pakistan: A Comparative Study. This article focuses on various variables that make up job satisfaction including work, pay, promotion, salary and recognition and discusses job satisfaction itself too. On the whole satisfaction has been taken as a dependant variable and various other factors like promotions, salary, job security, recognition, work environment etc are considered as the independent variables. The study was conducted in order to find out the level of satisfaction among Public and Private bank employees and whether factors like working hours, team spirit, work life balance, benefits, working environment and job security influenced their job satisfaction. A survey was conducted to gather data, which included a sample size of 200 people. Questionnaires were given to people in three different cities of Punjab: Lahore, Faislabad and Sialkot. Two banks from each sector were taken and included the NiB Bank, Summit Bank, Bank of Punjab and First Women Bank. Data was gathered by floating a structured questionnaire which included the Likert scale. The results show that the employees of private banks are more satisfied then those in public banks mostly due to factors resulting from fringe benefits, salary, and efficiency in work and coworker relations. This article highlights the fact that the perception of job satisfaction is greatly affected by factors including job security, benefits and recognition. Fawad H., Muhammad and Kamal, Dr. Yasir. (2009). Pay and Job Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis of Different Pakistani Commercial Banks. Although the title mentions the relation between pay and job satisfaction but this article takes into account other variables like job involvement, promotion, recognition and commitment. The research question for the study was whether pay is the major factor for job satisfaction among Pakistani bank employees. Pay not only includes the salary itself, but all other emoluments and short and long term fringe benefits. Job satisfaction has been described as a relative phenomenon which affects and employees performance and is related to how the employee responds and deals with customers. It is important hence, to measure what embodies job satisfaction. The common assumption is that a satisfied employee will deal pleasantly with customers, are more friendly and responsive as well. Salary has been taken as a dependant variable and various other factors l ike promotions, job stress, job security, learning, work environment and others are considered as the independent variables. This was a comparative study, and the questionnaires were floated in three banks: United Bank Limited, Allied Bank Limited and Standard Chartered Bank. According to the results the job satisfaction of bank officers is significantly dependent upon pay, promotion opportunities, rewards, relation with boss and coworkers. Imran M., Muhammad, Fernando G., Solomon, Ahmad Mehboob and Iqbal S., Muhammad. (2010). Examining the relationship of work life balance, job satisfaction and turnover in Pakistan. As discussed in previous articles as well, improving the quality of work life balance facilities not only helps in improving the productivity but also helps in increasing employee loyalty and job satisfaction. Organizations are striving for better performance to compete with their competitors. For this reason they are trying to retain their valued employees and are considering the issues relating to work and life. Job satisfaction and turnover intentions are the reflection of the viewpoint that employees have about their organizations in which they work. Employees generally show high levels of job satisfaction. The researchers found that the work conditions were the most influential on the job satisfaction. The work conditions included were the non-monetary characteristics of their work mainly including goo d social relationships with their colleagues ad supervisors, promotion opportunities, professional development opportunities, and participatory management strategies. The negative relationship of work life balance, job satisfaction and turnover intentions provides a guideline for the organizations that the more organizations provide better facilities to maintain the balance between the work and the non work activities the more employees will tend to remain with the same organization. Similarly the satisfied employees are the assets of any organization and they will remain with the organization. Saeed ul Hassan Chishti, Maryam Rafiq, Fazalur Rahman, M.Phil., Nabi Bux Jumani, and Muhammad Ajmal (2010).Impact of Participative Management on Employee Job Satisfaction and Performance in Pakistan. This research highlights a new variable that affects the performance of employees in Pakistan: Participative management. Participative management is especially important in todays highly competitive world to give organizations a competitive edge. The hypothesis for the research was whether there is a positive relationship between participative management and employee job satisfaction. Randhawa, Gurpreet. (2007) Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions : An Empirical Analysis. This research conducted by Ms. Gurpreet Randhawa concludes that there exists a significant negative correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Turnover intentions remain a good measure to gauge actual turnover of employees. The paper collected data from 300 scientists, half of whom belonged to the National Dairy Research Institute and the remaining half from Agriculture Extension Centre. The sample selection was done through the random sampling technique and a comparative analysis was later done to measure the difference between the results of the two population samples. No significant difference was found. The research emphasizes the need to measure job satisfaction as business in todays world has changed drastically. Complexity has increased with increasing amounts of competition. Employees now have far more choices at their disposal whereas organizat ions bear significant losses with high turnover rates. Islam, Nazrul and Chandra Saha, Gour, Job Satisfaction of Bank Officers in Bangladesh. This paper studies the variables that affect job satisfaction of the bank officers in Bangladesh. The results of the study conclude that factors like salary, efficiency in work, fringe benefits, supervision quality, and coworker relations that affect job satisfaction considerably. Private bank employees were seen to be more satisfied then public sector employees as the former enjoy better salary, working environment and fringe benefits. The purpose of the study was three fold: to identify the level of job satisfaction among employees, to study how factors like job experience, age and gender affect job satisfaction and finally to measure the job satisfaction of public and private bank employees. A sample of 129 employees was used in 4 cities and nine different banks of Bangladesh. The sample was selected purposefully and was interviewed personally whereas a structured questionnaire was used to colle ct results. Azhar Sheikh, Muhammad, Qamar, ul Wusat and Iqbal, Fariha. Impact of Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Retention (A Case Study of Education and Banking Sector in Bahawalpur). As explained above, employee retention has become exceedingly important for organizations due to the increased level of competition and associated costs. This research sheds light on the HRM practices that may affect the level of job satisfaction in employees. The study relates career development opportunities, supervisor support, working environment, rewards and work-life policies to employee retention. The group under observation included the Islamia University of Bahawalpur and various banks in the same city. Employee retention was taken as the dependent variable whereas all the above mentioned factors were taken as independent variables. Observation was carried out from a sample size of 110 pople and data was collected through questionnaires. Data was analyzed using the software program SPSS an d a positive relationship was found between HRM practices and employee retention. This proves that organizations that focus on their human resource policies will have satisfied employees leading to fewer turnovers. Rizwan Saleem, Azeem Mahmood, Asif Mahmood (2010) Effect of Work Motivation on Job Satisfaction in Mobile Telecommunication Service Organizations of Pakistan. In addition to studying the impact on job satisfaction of work motivation, this article also aimed at exploring to what extent employees are satisfied with different dimensions of their job in the mobile telecommunications services of Pakistan. The extent determines their turnover rate. Velnampy (2008), in his study on job attitude and employees performance concluded that job satisfaction contains positive influence on the performance of the employees as it enhances job involvement and the higher performance also makes people feel more satisfied and committed to the organization. Herzberg (1959) has described a relationship between two variables as Job Satisfaction is the result of two kinds of factors, intrinsic and extrinsic factor. Basically he states that intrinsic factors valued the job satisfaction and extrinsic factors c ause dissatisfaction and reduce the level of job satisfaction. Another name for the extrinsic factors was hygiene factors. According to Herzberg, the hygiene factors results in the form of dissatisfaction and these were external or environmental features e.g. company policy and administration, supervision, work conditions, salary and benefits. The intrinsic factors are also called Job satisfaction has been taken as the dependent variable whereas work motivation is independent. The authors believed that motivation lead to an increase employees performance into other level and eventually the positive effect goes toward companys recital. The standard deviations in the article showed the diversity of data which indicated that there was a variety of opinions between the employees. There was a positive relationship between the motivation and job satisfaction. Overall the employees were quiet satisfied with their jobs and had their interest in their job. More than average employees are mot ivated to work for the organization and turnover rates are not high. This article gave me an overview of a specific variable, job motivation on job satisfaction and eventually employee turnover rate. It was also based on a study of two telecomm service providers which was relevant to my sector. Rana, Tariq Mehmood; Salaria, M. Rashid; Herani, Gobind M. and Amin, Mohammad (2009) Identifying Factors Playing Important Role in the Increasing Employees Turnover Rate: A Case of Telecom Industry in Pakistan. This article aimed at identifying factors that played an important role in increasing the employees turnover rate. As there is intense competition in the industry, this article examined the practices followed in the telecomm industry of Pakistan to retain employees. The results have shown that Salary, Working Environment, and Benefits are three significant factors effecting employee turnover and correlated with each other. The present study found support for an independent variable with Employee turnover. In this study the authors found significant negative correlation for Salary, Work Motivation and Benefits. High employee turnover is becoming a problem in todays corporate environment which reduces productivity and puts a stain on the organizations name. This study found that individual variables have significant impact on Employee Turnover. As Salary increases and Working Environment and Benefits are good, the turnover rate drops. For my research this article provides a detailed analysis of employee turnover rate and job satisfaction and provides useful insights.

Prostitutes in Ancient Athens Essay -- History Greece Creek Females Es

Prostitutes in Ancient Athens Works Cited Missing Ancient Athens was a highly polarized society in which citizenship meant everything. Citizenship permitted individuals to not only participate in the democratic government but also gave them access to all the rights and splendors of the city. A citizen controlled influence over slaves, foreigners and most importantly women. Athenian women were relegated to the status of child bearers and keepers of the household. There was no room for personal expression or freedom and the strict moral code in many cases restricted these women from even leaving their homes. There was a select group of women however who overcame these obstacles to achieve greater sexual, economical, and social freedom. They were the prostitutes. The freedom which prostitutes enjoyed would be better understood only after first assessing the status of "respectable" women in Athens. Girls were raised from an early age to learn domestic affairs and were to be wed even as early as the age of fourteen (Just 1989: 40). Marriage was almost mandatory as single women were looked upon as shameful and might even be labeled as "whores". The wedding was almost always arranged by the father or kyrios and from this point on the woman's role was clear. Pericles gives a good explanation of the ideal wife in his famous Funeral Oration when reminding the women of Athens that: "Your great glory is not to be inferior in the way nature made you; and the greatest glory is hers who is least talked about by men, whether in praise or in blame (Thucydides: 2.45)." This implies that an Athenian's woman virtue lay in her absence from the public eye. Athenians made sure to protect their wives' virtue by excluding women f... ...culed on the stage and was later brought to trial on charges of "impiety (Cantarella 1987: 55)." Her individuality and intelligence not only angered but frightened the Athenian misogynists even though she was eventually acquitted. Aspasia clearly shows how much freedom was available to a prostitute in Athenian society. The life of the prostitute in Athens was clearly a more liberal lifestyle than most women enjoyed in which the woman could aspire to wealth, independence and even indirect political power. The only setback to these benefits was the scorn of women and the contempt of men when a prostitute became too prominent. Women like Aspasia helped introduce an early type of feminism in the unlikeliest of settings. The Athenian prostitutes were clearly women that refused to succumb to the male dominated society that saw women as inherently inferior beings.

Bailout Plan

The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, enacted on October 3, 2008, is a law that gives the United States Secretary of the Treasury authority to spend $700 billion to buy mortgage-backed securities from the banks. The law aims to purchase these so-called bad assets and hopefully restore confidence to the credit market. The law is more commonly known as the â€Å"bailout† since it intends to rescue the major financial institutions of the US from the subprime mortgage crisis that had reached its tipping point by September 2008.The idea was originally conceived by President George W.  Bush and Henry Paulson, Secretary of the Treasury. Although it is already approved, the plan met several criticism. The main criticism is its effect on the general economy of the United States. For one, the bailout would mean an increase in the US budget for 2009 which already stands at $3. 1 trillion. This would also mean that the annual budget deficit of the US would further increase a nd may exceed $1 trillion. The bailout is also criticized because it implies that the mistake made by the banks would now be shouldered by American taxpayers.Majority of surveys conducted showed that the American public opposed the bailout saying that it was wrong for the government to use taxpayer's money to save the banks which caused the problem in the first place. It is interesting to note that the proposal was not only opposed by the public but also by economists and investors. Another problem of the law is the assumption that the securities bought by the government may increase in value sometime in the future and could be sold for a profit.This is a rather big assumption since there is in fact no assurance that it come true. While the bailout may have helped investor confidence and temporarily stop the decline of the US economy, its true effect will likely be felt sometime in the near future. The bailout is still a short-term solution to a possible long-term problem. If the US economy intends to recover from this crisis, it should study the alternatives proposed and see if it is feasible to implement them.